Analysis between Cigarette and Shisha Smokers for Early Atherogenesis: A Cardiovascular Disease

Aims: Tobacco smoking is a major health issue in Saudi Arabia, particularly among the student population. Smoking one of risk factors genesis coronary atherosclerosis and development heart disease. This study aimed to evaluate effect cigarette shisha on atherogenic indexes, lipid profile hematological parameters undergraduate smokers at Majmaah University.
 Methodology: cross-sectional was conducted between November 2019 March 2020, Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, College Applied University, Al-Majmaah, enrolling 100 students (35 smokers, 30 35 non-smokers). The subjects were asked fast overnight early morning blood samples collected analyzed measure parameters, complete cell count LDH. Lipid used calculate indexes indexes.
 Results: Compared with non-smokers, had significantly higher levels TC, TG, LDL-C VLDL-C, but lower HDL-C. values comprehensive including non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, index (AI), lipoprotein combine (LCI), plasma (AIP) all smokers. Hematological found be within normal reference range, however when compared has count, except for lymphocytes mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) which lower. LDH also elevated smokers.
 Conclusion: findings this shows that, both have abnormal suggesting dyslipidemia. Prediction through observed than Therefore, more adverse effects status adult adds accumulating evidence harmful smoking, growing epidemic young calls awareness possible consequences developing atherogenesis.